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By Lane V. Erickson, Attorney

Landlords often have potential tenants or current tenants who are or become disabled physically or otherwise.  When this occurs, the Fair Housing Act requires a landlord to make a reasonable accommodation for the tenant in most circumstances. My landlord clients often ask me what a Reasonable Accommodation is.

Turning again to the federal Fair Housing Act and its interpretation by both HUD and the Federal Department of Justice, the following was set forth on May 17, 2004, as an official statement concerning what constitutes a Reasonable Accommodation:

By Lane V. Erickson, Attorney

There are just about as many different types of estate plans as there are people. What this really means is that there is a great deal of flexibility in the type and content of the estate plan that you choose. Estate planning is really designed to protect you and your loved ones regardless of your unique or unusual circumstances.

The basic components of an estate plan include a last will and testament, a durable power of attorney, and a living will and durable power of attorney for health care. Estate planning can also include various kinds of trusts that may be necessary for either yourself or for a loved one.

By Joseph G. Ballstaedt

 In Idaho, if you leave your job voluntarily (rather than being fired), you are not eligible for unemployment benefits unless you left for “good cause connected with [your] unemployment.” The term “good cause” does not have an exact definition, and what constitutes good cause will depend on the unique facts of each individual case, but an employee’s decision to quit must be based on circumstances that are “real, not imaginary, substantial not trifling, and reasonable, not whimsical.” Ullrich v. Thorpe Elec., 109 Idaho 820, 823, 712 P.2d 521, 524 (1985). Also, rather than quit, an employee must explore viable options to resolve work problems and keep his job. See Ellis v. Northwest Fruit & Produce, 103 Idaho 821, 654 P.2d 914 (1982). And if he does quit, an employee must prove that good cause existed (the employer does not have to prove that good cause did not exist).

Over the past several decades, Idaho courts have determined that employees did not have good cause to quit under the following circumstances:

It is the time of year with weather changes, mating and hunting seasons upon us when the likelihood that an Idaho driver will collide with wildlife, especially deer increases.  ITD reports that injuries and fatalities spike during the months of October, November, and December due to deer versus vehicle collisions.

Nationally, deer collisions are the cause of an estimated 1.23 million collisions per year, 200 deaths and $4 billion in damages each year.  With growing populations and humans encroaching into natural habitat, deer become a serious safety hazard.  Drivers should be extra cautious during these months.  Scan the road for deer and other danger signs.

In Idaho, thanks to the safety programs implemented by ITD and the Office of Highway Safety, deer collisions are on the decline.   All drivers should keep in mind the following facts regarding deer and other wildlife: they are unpredictable; move in herds (if you see one, watch for others), dusk and dawn present the high-risk times, and they are present on all roads.

By Lane V. Erickson, Attorney

Estate planning is the process where you put into writing the objectives that you have that you want to accomplish and the distributions of property that will occur when you pass away. I feel that my job as an estate planning attorney is to identify clearly what it is my clients want to achieve in their estate planning. Next my job is to look down the road into the future with my client’s objectives in mind and try to perceive all the worst possible things that could happen that would mess up my client’s objectives. The final step is to plan for these bad events in a way that allows my clients objectives to be fulfilled. Essentially, what I mean is hoping for the best but planning for the worst.

Here are just a few areas that I tried to give instruction to my clients about when it comes to estate planning.

By Lane V. Erickson, Attorney

A reasonable accommodation, when it comes to landlord and tenant relationships, occurs when there is a change in rules, policies, practices, or services so that a person with a disability will have an equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling unit or common space.  A landlord is required to do everything it can to assist a disabled tenant.  However, the landlord is not required to make changes that would fundamentally alter the program or create an undue financial and/or administrative burden on the business of being a landlord.  Reasonable accommodations might be necessary at all stages of the landlord-tenant relationship process, including providing an application; providing actual tenancy, or to prevent eviction.

Concerning the ADA and Fair Housing requirements regarding animals, on April 25, 2013, HUD issued Official Notice FHEO-2013-0 which contained the following statements:

By Joseph G. Ballstaedt

 A somewhat common saying in the legal profession is that a good lawyer knows the law, but a great lawyer knows the judge. Whether or not you agree with this saying, it can’t hurt to know what local judges are stressing to lawyers in the community. On November 16, 2016, at a Portnuef Inn of Court meeting, two judges in the Sixth Judicial District, Judge Scott Axline, a magistrate judge, and Judge Stephen S. Dunn, a district judge, discussed the legal principle of due process with local attorneys.

Judge Axline reminded those present that due process of law, the constitutional guarantee that prevents the government from impacting citizens in an abusive way, has its roots in the Magna Carta dating back to the year 1215; it did not come out of thin air. Today it is found in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, and it is a common principle that permeates the legal system and makes it function. Based on his research, there are 36 statutes in Idaho that reference it, both in the criminal and civil context.

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BY BRENT O. ROCHE

Work Accidents and the Marek Decision – When Can Employees Sue Their Employers For Personal Injuries?

In its recent decision in Marek v. Hecla, Limited, the Idaho Supreme affirmed summary judgment in favor of the mine/employer and dismissed a wrongful death claim arising from the collapse of a portion of the Lucky Friday Mine in north Idaho. The collapse was investigated by the U.S. Mine Safety & Health Administration which found that the collapse occurred because of Hecla’s removal of a waste pillar inside the mine. MSHA specifically found that Hecla’s conduct in removing the pillar constituted more than ordinary negligence. Based on these findings, MSHA issued three citations to Hecla.

By Joseph G. Ballstaedt

 In Idaho, almost every employee is an at-will employee, which means he has no contract with his employer establishing how long the employment relationship will last or limiting why he can be fired. At-will employees can be fired for almost any reason and, conversely, can quit for any reason. Such an arrangement allows equal freedom to both the employer and the employee.

There is a general exception, however, to an employer’s rights under an at-will employment relationship: an employer cannot fire an employee when motivated by a reason that is against public policy. See MacNeil v. Minidoka Mem’l Hosp., 108 Idaho 588, 589, 701 P.2d 208, 209 (1985). All but a few states recognize this exception. Idaho courts have explained that public policy is made of principles that restrict parties’ freedom to contract and privately deal. Such restrictions are for the good of the community; whatever contravenes good morals or any established interests of society is against public policy. See Jackson v. Minidoka Irrigation Dist., 98 Idaho 330, 333, 563 P.2d 54, 57 (1977).

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